开始:VCALENDAR版本:2.0 PRODID: / /学院Labor Economics//Zope//EN METHOD:PUBLISH CALSCALE:GREGORIAN BEGIN:VTIMEZONE TZID:Europe/Berlin BEGIN:DAYLIGHT TZOFFSETFROM:+0100 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYMONTH=3;BYDAY=-1SU DTSTART:19810329T020000 TZNAME:CEST TZOFFSETTO:+0200 END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:STANDARD TZOFFSETFROM:+0200 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYMONTH=10;BYDAY=-1SU DTSTART:19961027T030000 TZNAME:CET TZOFFSETTO:+0100 END:STANDARD END:VTIMEZONE BEGIN:VEVENT UID:6311059429600@conference.iza.org LOCATION;CHARSET=UTF-8: DESCRIPTION:The conventional view is that Americans work longer hours than Germans and other Europeans but \nwhen time in household production is included, overall working time is very similar on both sides \nof the Atlantic. Americans spend more time on market work but German invest more in household \nproduction. This paper examines whether these differences in the allocation of time can be explained \nby differences in the incentive structure, this is by the tax-wedge and differences in the \nwage differentials, as economic theory suggests. Its analysis of unique time-use data reveals that the \ndifferences in time-allocation patterns can indeed be explained by economic variables. Women \nwork much more in the US than in Germany and most other EU economies. We find that the USGerman \nemployment gap is not strongly related to cross-country differences in the level of pay or \nsocial benefits. The difference in employment is due to the different marketization of activities between \nthe two economies: German women work as many hours as US women when we consider \ntime spent in household production as well as in market production. For instance, German women \nspend more time preparing meals while US women use take-out and restaurants more intensely. The \norganization of some social activities, such as schooling, and the dispersion of skills, as well as pay \ndifferences, affect the degree of marketization. SEQUENCE:1 X-APPLE-TRAVEL-ADVISORY-BEHAVIOR:AUTOMATIC SUMMARY:IZA Seminar: From McDonald�s to McKinsey; The US-German Gap in Female Employment by Ronald Schettkat (University of Wuppertal) DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20030729T120000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20030729T133000 END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR