Hartmut Lehmann is Academic Vice-Director of the Leibniz Institute of East and Southeast European Studies and Professor of Economics at the University of Regensburg, and Program Coordinator of the IZA research area "Labor in Post-Transition and Emerging Economies". He was Professor of Economics at the University of Bologna for the last 18 years and has been awarded the honorary title of Alma Mater Professor of Economics of the University of Bologna.

He is an IZA Fellow since September 1999. He has been a consultant to the World Bank for many years. He was president of the Association of Comparative Economic Studies in the year 2013 and is currently president of the European Association of Comparative Economic Studies. He is one of the editors of the IZA Journal of Development and Migration.

He has recently published articles in the American Behavioral Scientist, the Journal of Comparative Economics, Journal of Health Economics, Economics of Transition, Labour Economics, Industrial Labor Relations Review, Research in Labor Economics, Journal for Labour Market Research, Journal of International Development, and Comparative Economic Studies.